Tolerance et efficacite de l'anesthesie peribulbaire dans lachirurgie de la Cataracte

Introduction: l'anesthésie péribulbaire (APB) consiste à l'injection d'anesthésique local autour du globe et en dehors du cône fasciomusculaire. Le produit diffuse ensuite de l'espace péribulbaire vers l'espace rétrobulbaire.L'objectif était d'évaluer la tolérance et l'efficacité de l'APB dans la chirurgie de la cataracte dans un centre d'ophtalmologie secondaire.Patients et méthode:il s'agissait d'une étude transversale sur deux mois. Notre population était constituée par tous les patients admis en sale d'anesthésie et programmés pour la chirurgie de la cataracte chez qui l'APB avait été réalisée.Les données ont été analysées à l'aide du logiciel Epi Info version 7.2. Les corrélations ont été réalisées à l'aide de Khi avec un seuil de significativité (p< 0,05).Résultats :Au total, 285 patients ont été inclu avec un sex-ratio H/F de 0,72. L'âge moyen était de 62 ans avec un écart type de 12ans. La lidocaïne2% et labupivacaïne 0,5%étaient utiliséesen association à volume égal.L'anesthésie a été tolérée chez 99,3% des patients.Nous avons observé77,19%d'analgésie totale,13,33% de chémosisconjonctival.Conclusion:L'anesthésie péribulbaire permet la réalisation facile de la chirurgie de la cataracte avec une bonne tolérance et une meilleure efficacité

Effectiveness of Data Collection and Information Transmission Process for Disease Notification in Anambra State; Nigeria

Background: Disease surveillance and notification (DSN) has been shown to be weak in Nigeria; thus; its inability to promptly detect and control epidemics.Objective: To examine the completeness and timeliness of data collection and information transmission process for DSN in the Anambra state.Materials and Methods: The study was of cross-sectional design and employed the multistage sampling method to select 270 health workers who are involved in DSN in Anambra state. Data were collected by a mix method of interviewer administered questionnaire and observational checklist preceded by key informant interviews and desk review.Results: One hundred (43.9) health workers reported regular supply of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) forms; 25 and 16.2 reported it was irregular and usually out of stock; respectively. Most facilities (81.5) were the least correct; while out-patient register (88.9) was the most correct. Only 10.0 of health facilities submitted completed forms 5 days after completion; 88.9 of them submitted completed IDSR002 forms within 2 days of completion; while the remainder was submitted 4 days later.Conclusion: The health workers were not operating the DSN system in the State to optimal functionality. Recommendations were therefore made for the periodic training-retraining of health personnel on DSN; improved funding; provision of logistics; improved supervision; and feedback of information

Indications and Indings at Colonoscopy in Ilorin; Nigeria

Colonoscopy is a safe and effective means of visual inspection of the large bowel from the distal rectum to the caecum. It may be carried out for diagnostic and or therapeutic reasons. There is a paucity of data on this procedure in Nigeria. We; therefore; determined the indications; findings; and diagnostic yield in Nigerians at colonoscopy. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out at the Endoscopy unit of Crescent hospital; Ilorin from January 2010 to May; 2012. The endoscopy register was reviewed; and the biodata; indications and colonoscopic findings were recorded on a pro forma. Results: A total of 103 patients had colonoscopy. Seventy (68.0) were males while 33 (32.0) were females. The indications for colonoscopy were rectal bleeding 41 (39.8); suspected colon cancer 32 (31.1); chronic constipation and chronic diarrhoea nine each (8.7); abdominal/anal pain five (4.9); suspected anorectal cancer and enterocutaneous fistula two each (1.9); faecal incontinence; occult gastrointestinal bleeding; post-colostomy for Hirschsprung disease one each (1.0). Endoscopic findings were normal findings 21 (20.4); diverticulosis 17 (16.5); polyps 16 (15.5); haemorrhoids 16 (15.5); anorectal cancer 13 (12.6); angiodysplasia 12 (11.7); colon cancer eight (7.8); colitis 7 (6.8); anorectal ulcer 4 (3.9); anal warts two (1.9); anal fissure; caecal tumour; faecal impaction and proctitis one each (1.0). The diagnostic yield was 79.6. Conclusions: The commonest indication for colonoscopy was rectal bleeding; while the most frequent pathology was diverticulosis. The diagnostic yield was high

Research Productivity of Academics in a Physiotherapy Department: a Case Study

Objective: Research productivity is an important activity among academics. This study was done to document the research productivity of the academics of a physiotherapy department in South Africa. Method: An archival research design was used to document the research productivity for the physiotherapy department between 2002 and 2009. Data were analysed by two independent reviewers and consensus was reached on the information to be included in the study. Results: Among the nine academics there were 67 publications; 20 articles in progress; 7 under review and 63 conferences attended. While the overall research productivity of the department seems to be good; the bulk of the productivity rests in the hands of the senior academics. Conclusion: There is a need to facilitate the acquisition of research skills in academic staff; particularly in upgrading staff to PhD level and improving publication output

Technical Efficiency in the Presence of Desirable and Undesirable Outputs: a Case Study of Selected District Referral Hospitals in Uganda

"The general practice in technical efficiency measurement for health providers has been to ignore additional products of most transformation processes that can be classified as ""undesirable outputs which are a subset of the output set. Traditional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique is modified to give a more realistic and comprehensive score of production efficiency considering both;desirable and undesirable outputs.This is applied to a sample of Uganda's district referral hospitalsover the 1999-2003 period. The modified DEA credits a hospital for its production of desirable outputs but penalizes it for its production of undesirable outputs (patient deaths). Without the inclusion of these factors; the efficiency evaluation becomes a purely technical measure of the system alone; and does not account for the interaction of the system with the surrounding environment. In addition; there are also technological dependencies arising due to the relationships between the desirable and the undesirable outputs."

An exploratory examination of poor construction work practices: Opportunities for ergonomic interventions in the Western Cape

Construction activity is ergonomically challenging. In the study reported in this paper; the ergonomics challenges that construction artisans and their assistants encounter are examined in detail using naturalistic enquiry. The findings reveal unfavourable and repetitive poor work practices. It is contended that these practices; when extrapolated over the working life of the artisans and their assistants could arguably lead to musculo-skeletal syndromes and associated absenteeism. Recommendations for ergonomic interventions are made as solutions to these health consequences